IT and Networking


IT Networking - OSI Stack

Application
    Command line network troubleshooting

User interaction

Protocols

BGPDHCPDNSFTPHTTPHTTPSIMAPIRCMGCPNTPOSPFPOPPTPRTPRTSPRIPSIPSMTPSNMPSOAPSSHTelnetTLSXMPP

Firewalls

DMZ


Presentation

Formats data from the Application layer to the layers below
Originally data encrypton was intended to be done here
It is sometimes called the syntax layer


Session

Interface between upper two layers and the networking layers
Upper layers don't need to know how to navagate the network

Protocols

NetBIOSRPCRTCPSDPSMBSMPPSOCKS

Sockets

Socket analogy

NetBIOS


Transport

Issues orderly network traffic and identifies traffic types

Protocols

TCPUDPDCCPSCTPRSVPQUIC

Wrappers

TCP

TCP Ports

UDP Header

Network Address Translation


Network

Provides addressing for intranet & internet traffic

Protocols

IPIPv4IPv6ICMPICMPv6NDPECNIGMPIPsec

IP Packet

Wrappers

IP Address Classes

IP Private Addresses

Net Masks

Router Protocols

Domain Name System

Dynamic DNS

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol


Data-Link

Provides local addressing and traffic management for sub-nets

Protocols

ARPTunnelsPPPMAC

Hubs and Switches

Ethernet Collisions

Data link packets

Wrappers

Switches

Wireless Access Points


Physical

The interconnection and wiring of all active electronics above it

IT CAT Cable

IT Fiber Cable